जेम्स म्याडिसन

जेम्ज़ मैडिसन (James Madison) एक्ठु अमेरिकी राजनेता औ राजनैतिक दार्शनिक रहें जे १८०९-१८१७ काल मा अमेरिका कय चउथा राष्ट्रपति रहें। ओन अमेरिका कय संविधान बनावै मा जरूरि भूमिका निभाइन इहि कय नाते एन्हय 'अमेरिकी संविधान कय जनक' भी कहि जात है। अमेरिका कय मसहुर अधिकार विधेयक ओन्हि लिखे रहे औ पारित करावै रहे।^[१]

१७७६ मा अमेरिका कय स्वतन्त्र होएक बाद मा मैडिसन अउर अमेरिकी राजनैतिक विचारन् कय साथे मिलिकय संविधान कय रचना किहिन। एकरे बाद इ दस्तावेज़ कय स्वीकृत करवाइ कय नँवा राष्ट्र मा लागू करेकै ज़रुरत रहा। कयु राजनेता एकरे विरोध मा रहे औ चाहत रहे कि अमेरिका कय तेरह उपनिवेशन कय एक्ठु सूत्र मा बान्हयक जगहि अलग-अलग देस जइसन होँय। मैडिसन ऐलॅक्सैण्डर हैमिलटन औ जॉन जे कय साथे मिलिकय १७८८ मा 'फ़ेडेरेलिस्ट पेपर्ज़' (अर्थ: संघ-समर्थक काग़ज़ात') नाँव से संविधान खर्तिन समर्थन बनावै खर्तिन एक्ठु लेख कय शृंखला प्रकाशित कीहिन।^[२] १७८९ में यह संविधान मंज़ूर होने के बाद लागू हो गया।

मैडिसन कय आधुनिक काल मा इ बात पय निंदा होत है कि ओन अमेरिका मा उ समय कय गुलाम-प्रथा मा पूरा भागीदार बनें। ^[३]

सन्दर्भ

↑ Encyclopedia of American Civil Liberties, Paul Finkelman, pp. 476, CRC Press, 2006, ISBN 978-0-415-94342-0, ... Accordingly, the proponents of the Constitution informally agreed to adopt a bill of rights in order to secure ratification. James Madison took the lead in drafting this bill of rights ...
↑ The Chronology of American Literature: America's Literary Achievements from the Colonial Era to Modern Times, Daniel S. Burt, pp. 87, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2004, ISBN 978-0-618-16821-7, ... The letters are one of the finest examples of anti- Federalist thought and help spur Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison to write their famous Federalist Papers ...
↑ Cotton and Race in the Making of America: The Human Costs of Economic Power, Gene Dattel, pp. 13, Government Institutes, 2009, ISBN 978-1-4422-1019-6, ... The slaveowner James Madison advocated prohibiting the slave trade consistent with his view of slavery as a “deep-rooted abuse” ... His ownership of slaves was inconsistent with this attitude; his support of the Constitution indicated his true priorities ...

[ref83laluj-1] Encyclopedia of American Civil Liberties, Paul Finkelman, pp. 476, CRC Press, 2006, ISBN 978-0-415-94342-0, ... Accordingly, the proponents of the Constitution informally agreed to adopt a bill of rights in order to secure ratification. James Madison took the lead in drafting this bill of rights ...

[ref89cubev-2] The Chronology of American Literature: America's Literary Achievements from the Colonial Era to Modern Times, Daniel S. Burt, pp. 87, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2004, ISBN 978-0-618-16821-7, ... The letters are one of the finest examples of anti- Federalist thought and help spur Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison to write their famous Federalist Papers ...

[ref93gazez-3] Cotton and Race in the Making of America: The Human Costs of Economic Power, Gene Dattel, pp. 13, Government Institutes, 2009, ISBN 978-1-4422-1019-6, ... The slaveowner James Madison advocated prohibiting the slave trade consistent with his view of slavery as a “deep-rooted abuse” ... His ownership of slaves was inconsistent with this attitude; his support of the Constitution indicated his true priorities ...

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